Suicidal threats Risk Factors:

• Previous suicide attempt(s)
• Isolation and aloneness
• Non-suicidal self-injury (e.g. cutting)
• Mental illness including depression, conduct disorder, and substance abuse
• Family stress/dysfunction
• Family history of suicide
• Environmental risks, including presence of a firearm in the home
• Situational crises 

Warning Signs: in the form of direct (e.g. "I am going to kill myself") and indirect (e.g. "I wish I could fall asleep and never wake up again") statements

• Suicide notes and plans (including online postings)
• Making final arrangements (e.g. giving away prized possessions)
• Preoccupation with death
• Changes in behavior, appearance, thoughts, and/or feelings

Protective Factors:

• Family and peer support
• School and community connectedness
• Healthy problem-solving skills
• Easy access to effective medical and mental health services

Preventing Youth Suicide